Stress and Strain In Strength of Materials
Definition of stress
The internal resistance offered by the body against the deformation is called stress mathematically.
Stress formula: Stress = Force / Area
Types of Stress
Narmal or Direct Stress
The stress due to an axial force. It may be either direct tensile or compressive.
Narmal or Direct stress formula σ = p / A
Shear Stress
The tangential force per unit area.
Shear Stress formula τ = F / A
Bearing Stress
It is the contract pressure between separate bodies.
Bending stress
Can be bending tensile or compressive stresses.
Bending Stress formula f b = M / Z
where Z - Section Modulus.
Stress due to Torsion
Torsion or twisiting moment results in torsional shear stress.
Stress due to torsion formula f s = M / Zp
where Zp is popular modulus.
Types of strain:
Longitudinal Strain
The deformation per unit length caused by normal force in its direction.
Longitudinal Strain formula e = δ / L
Shear strain ( γ )
In case of tangential force change in angle measured in radius is call shear strain.
Volumetric Strain
Ratio of change in volume to the original volume. it is also know as dilation.
Volumetric Strain formula εv = δV / V
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